Negotiating Quality Clauses with Tier-1 Suppliers | 与主要零部件供应商沟通质量条款
EP1

Negotiating Quality Clauses with Tier-1 Suppliers | 与主要零部件供应商沟通质量条款

深度解析新能源车企与核心供应商谈判质量条款的法律逻辑与商务技巧

16:25

Show Notes

核心摘要

本期节目聚焦新能源汽车企业在与主要零部件供应商(特别是电池、驱动系统等核心部件)谈判质量条款时面临的法律与商业挑战。我们通过一场采购法务与供应商法律顾问的真实谈判场景,拆解了质量标准、检验权利、召回责任等核心条款的博弈逻辑,并分享了如何在坚守法律底线的同时实现商业目标的实战技巧。

基础概念解析 (Key Concepts)

1. Inspection Rights(检验权) 买方在供应合同中保留的对供应商生产过程、质量管理体系及产品进行审计、检查和测试的合同权利。在新能源汽车行业,由于涉及电池安全、认证合规等高风险领域,领先OEM通常会要求全面的检验权,包括驻厂审计和批次抽检。

2. Recall Liability(召回责任) 当产品缺陷触发监管行动或自愿召回时,供应链各方对调查、更换、物流等成本的合同分配机制。在新能源车领域,由于电池等核心部件的召回成本极高,该条款往往是谈判的最大争议点。供应商通常寻求责任上限,而OEM则坚持要求供应商承担因其制造缺陷导致的全部召回成本。

表达指南 (Key Expressions)

  • Expression: “subject to the liability cap”

  • Usage: 在合同谈判中用于限定某项义务或责任的上限范围。例如:“The indemnification obligation is subject to the liability cap of 150% of the annual contract value.” 这是供应商常用的防御性条款,用于控制最大风险敞口。

  • Expression: “directly attributable to”

  • Usage: 法律因果关系的精确表述,用于界定责任归属。例如:“Supplier shall bear recall costs directly attributable to its manufacturing defects.” 这个表达帮助明确责任边界,避免承担由设计缺陷或第三方原因导致的损失。

2. 商业习语 (Business Idioms)

  • Phrase: “move the needle”

  • Context: 在谈判中表示"取得实质性进展"或"做出有意义的让步"。例如:“We need to move the needle on the warranty period, or we won’t reach an agreement today.” 这是一种委婉但有力的施压方式,暗示当前条件不足以推动交易。

  • Phrase: “meet halfway”

  • Context: 提议双方各退一步、寻求折中方案。例如:“Look, we’re both stretched on this. What if we meet halfway—extend the warranty to 6 years but cap liability at 200%?” 这种表达展现合作姿态,有助于打破僵局。

金句卡 (Negotiation Cheat Sheet)

“I understand your position on the liability cap, but given the safety-critical nature of battery components, we need assurance that recall costs directly attributable to manufacturing defects won’t be capped. Can we carve out an exception for gross negligence?”

“We’re aligned on most points here. The sticking point is really the inspection frequency. What if we meet halfway—quarterly audits for the first year, then shift to annual audits if you maintain full compliance?”